Tolerance of Normal Tissue to therapeutic irradiation.
Emami B, Lyman J, et al.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1991 May 15;21(1):109-22
The importance of knowledge on tolerance of normal tissue organs to irradiation by radiation oncologists cannot be overemphasized. Unfortunately, current knowledge is less than adequate. With the increasing use of 3-D treatment planning and dose delivery, this issue, particularly volumetric information, will become even more critical. As a part of the NCI contract N01 CM-47316, a task force, chaired by the primary author, was formed and an extensive literature search was carried out to address this issue. In this issue. In this manuscript we present the updated information on tolerance of normal tissues of concern in the protocols of this contract, based on available data, with a special emphasis on partial volume effects. Due to a lack of precise and comprehensive data base, opinions and experience of the clinicians from four universities involved in the contract have also been contributory. Obviously, this is not and cannot be a comprehensive work, which is beyond the scope of this contract.
PMID: 2032882
| Organ | TD 5/5 | TD 50/5 |
|---|---|---|
| Bladder | 6500 | 8000 |
| Brachial plexus | 6000 | 7500 |
| Brain | 4500 | 6000 |
| Brainstem | 5000 | 6500 |
| Cauda equina | 6000 | 7500 |
| Esophagus | 5500 | 6800 |
| Femoral head | 5200 | 6500 |
| Heart | 4000 | 5000 |
| Kidney | 2300 | 2800 |
| Larynx | 7000 | 8000 |
| Lens | 1000 | 1800 |
| Liver | 3000 | 4000 |
| Lung | 1750 | 2450 |
| Optic chiasm | 5000 | 6500 |
| Optic nerve | 5000 | 6500 |
| Parotid gland | 3200 | 4600 |
| Rectum | 6000 | 8000 |
| Retina | 4500 | 6500 |
| Spinal cord (10cm) | 5000 | 7000 |
| Small intestine | 4000 | 5500 |
| Stomach | 5000 | 6500 |
| Thyroid | 4500 | 8000 |